Concerning the non-Greek origin and history of Asia Minor

[tchaiku]

Originally Posted by Carlin15

Interesting. Curious to know how you came across these stories? Do you have more information?

Sorry, I missed this one. Well I heard it from a trusted guy on Quora. There are also story about Karamanlides being pro Turkish politically compared to Cappodocian Greeks (or Greek speakers to say better) who were on the side of Greece. When I have free time I might search/post about this.

[Carlin]

1) Tracing the presence of the Rum Orthodox Population in Cappadocia, by E. Balta

URL:
https://www.evangeliabalta.com/kitap/21_cha.pdf

2) The intermixture of races in Asia Minor: some of its causes and effects, by Sir William Mitchell Ramsay, 1851-1939

URL:
https://archive.org/details/intermixtureofra00ramsuoft

[Carlin]

Ruler Cult and Colonial Identity: The Imperial Sanctuary at Pisidian Antioch, Benjamin Rubin

URL:
http://www.academia.edu/5010582/Rule...sidian_Antioch

[Carlin]

"Here and there in W. Anatolia are villages of Albanians, Pomaks, refugees from E. Rumelia, and in E. Anatolia there are some Persian settlements."

[Carlin]

Stunning testimony from Saint Jerome (331-420 AD) demonstrates that, 1) Celtic was still spoken in Asia Minor by the Galatians in his lifetime, 2) and that Galatians also spoke Greek, "language that everyone speaks in the east".



URL:
http://www.academia.edu/28555947/ON_...ENCE_ON_BRETON

Greek was a language that "EVERYONE" spoke in the east which actually confirms the Multilingualism in the East/Asia Minor as all historical ethnic groups there spoke it: Armenians, Persians, Galatians, Phrygians, Isaurians, Lazes, etc.

[Carlin]

- One of the oldest peoples in the Middle East and the largest nation in the world without a state. Kurdistan - the country of Kurds - is the name for the mountainous end of the undisturbed borders between the mountains of Ararat, Taurus and Zagros in southeastern Turkey, northeastern Iraq, northwestern Iran and northeastern Syria. Important cities are: Diyarbakir, Bitlis, Van, Mosul, Kirkuk, Kermanshah. Due to its rich reserves of water and oil (with copper, iron, chromite), this once-forgotten region has become economically and strategically important today.

- The very word Kurdistan appears for the first time in Islamic texts of the 12th century. The origin of Kurds is unexplored. They appear under other names in the Bible and the Quran. They are considered descendants of the Medes. Before the expansion of Islam, Kurds were Zoroastrians, and minority Christians. The Islamization of Kurdistan, about 630 AD, signified a major change in the history of this people.

- In the 18th century, the liberation movement began, with the rise of local emirs. In the next century, the Kurds responded with uprisings to the Centralist reforms of Turkey.

- In 1898, the first Kurdish newspapers came out, which further contributed to the development of Kurdish national consciousness. The political program of the new elite was very moderate.

- During the First World War, the Kurdish League assumed the task of establishing an autonomous national state of Kurdistan in the Diyarbakir-Bitlis area. But, the dream of the Kurdish homeland remained unfulfilled. In the newly established Republic of Turkey, they became Turkish citizens along with numerous Circassians and Lazes. Kurds were classifed as "Mountain Turks" in this time period, which led to an uprising in the 1930s.

[Carlin]

[Carlin]

Assimilation and Revolt in the Territory of Isauria, from the First Century BC to the Sixth Century AD, Noel Lenski




URL:
https://www.academia.edu/2490104/Ass...xth_Century_AD












Report from PHILOSTORGIUS:

"Besides these calamities, the tribe of the Isaurians inflicted several disasters on the Romans. For in the East they overran Cilicia and the neighbouring parts of Syria, and not only what is called Coele-Syria, but all that tract which stretches on till it joins Persia. But towards the north and north-west they invaded Pamphylia and laid waste Lycia. They also devastated the island of Cyprus, and likewise carried off the Lycaonians and Pisidians into slavery; and having driven the Cappadocians out of their settlements, and taken them captive, they pushed on as far as Pontus, and treated their captives far more savagely than was customary among the other barbarians."

From the EPITOME OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF PHILOSTORGIUS:
http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/philostorgius.htm

PS:

Isauria History

Around 320 BCE: Isaura Palaia is besieged by the Macedonians. The Isaurians chose to burn the town instead of surrendering.
76-75: Isauria is conquered by the Romans.
Around 66: Pompey merges Isauria with Cilicia.
Around 0: Becomes part of the Roman province of Galatia.
Early 4th century CE: Isauria is reshaped as its own province, eventually incorporating the eastern part of Pamphylia.
Early 5th century: Tarasicodissa is born in Isauria; he would become Byzantine emperor 474-491 under the name of Zeno, bringing with him Isaurian notables into the imperial administration.
492-496: Revolt against new emperor, Anastasius 1, led by Zeno's brother, Cardala. The war is known as Isaurian War.
6th century: Isauria is effectively incorporated into the Byzantine Empire, by actions of Justinian 1.
695-698: Leontius of Isaurian origin is Byzantine emperor.
717-741: Another Leo, said to be of Isaurian origin, becomes emperor.
11th century: Seljuq Turks manage to take control of Isauria, and through intermarriage, Turks and Isaurians become a mixed people.
1901: The site of Isaura Vetus is identified.

URL:
http://i-cias.com/e.o/isauria.htm

[Carlin]

From Romanland: Ethnicity and Empire in Byzantium, by Anthony Kaldellis

[tchaiku]

Originally Posted by Carlin

Link:
http://www.freeinquiry.gr/pro.php?id=2889

In this article, focusing on the situation prevailing in the islands of the Aegean in the Middle Ages, listed unknown and rare testimonies of numerous travelers, which in the timespan of hundreds of years describe many islands as uninhabited, completely deserted.

Large scourges were wars, frequent deadly epidemics and piracy, due to which thousands of residents of the islands dragged as slaves in the bazaars of the East. Population gaps replenished from time to time various groups of people from other places, such as North Africa, the East and in many cases, as we shall see, poor Albanians.

The article is based on excerpts translated from the works of the English historian and archaeologist Frederick William Hasluck (1878-1920): «Depopulation in the Aegean Islands and the Turkish Conquest» (The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 17, 1910 / 1911, pp. 151-181) and «Albanian Settlements in the Aegean islands» (The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 15, 1908/1909, pp. 223-228).


The table below (which I translated from Greek using Google Translate) is a summary of research on desolation and the restocking of the islands in the period before the Cretan War (and, apparently this is historical data only for a period from roughly 14th century to 17th century. What happened in antiquity? What happened in the all the centuries preceding the 14th c.?).



Conclusion from the article:

"… in three similar periods of unrest in the Aegean region there are significant population movements: During the Cretan War (1645-1669), during the Orloff revolt (1770-1774) and the period of '21 (1821-1830).

Yet, until now we thought that the population of the islands has never changed since ancient times and that even the dialects are directly related to ancient dialects.

But historical data can’t be denied that although the islanders boast that they are purebred descendants of the ancient Greeks (though in ancient times the intermarriage was not something unknown), the island populations have undergone significant racial changes even a few centuries ago."

You should make a thread about Greek islands alone.