Giorgio Giulio Clovio - Il Macedone 1498-1578

[I of Macedon]

I'm not sure if anyone has heard of this man, he was born in Croatia. born 1498, Grižane, Croatia, Hung. died January 1578, Rome, Papal States [Italy]

The Life and Works of Giorgio Giulio Clovio Miniaturist with Notices of His Contemporaries and of the Art of Book Decoration in the Sixteenth Century

http://www.amazon.com/Giorgio-Miniaturist-Contemporaries-Decoration-Sixteenth/dp/1417946059

Product Description

Bradley hopes to elevate the importance of Miniature Art with this study of Giorgio Giulio Clovio, Italian illuminator, miniaturist, and painter, also called Macedo or Il Macedone because of his Macedonian origin. Clovio was employed by Louis II of Hungary, Cardinal Farnese at Rome, and other princely patrons. Among the best known of the many works ascribed to him are the illuminations for the Book of the Hours of the Blessed Virgin, his masterpiece; the manuscript biography of Frederick, duke of Urbino; Cardinal Grimani's Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans; The Victories of Emperor Charles V; and the Farnese Breviary. Contents: Autographs of Artists; Ditto; Farnese Palace, Rome; The Sakcinski Portrait; The Vasari Portrait; Medal and Portrait of Cardinal Farnese; The Curzon Portrait; Two Pages from the Stanze d'Eurialo d'Ascoli, Imperial Library, Vienna; Two Pages from the Soane Clovio, London; Miniature from the Victories of Charles V, British Museum; Cartel from same MS; Two pages from the Stuart de Rothesay Offices, British Museum; Death of St. Bartholomew, from a Drawing attributed to Clovio, British Museum; and Adoration of Magi, from an Engraving after Clovio, British Museum.



Furhter

Clovio was a friend of the much younger El Greco, the celebrated Greek artist from Crete, who later worked in Spain, during El Greco's early years in Rome. Greco painted two portraits of Clovio; one shows the four painters whom he considered as his masters; in this Clovio is side by side with Michelangelo, Titian and Raphael. Clovio was also known as Michelangelo of the miniature. Books with his miniatures became famous primarily due to his skilled illustrations. He was persuasive in transferring the style of Italian high Renaissance painting into the miniature format.

[Pelister]

I wonder if this artist left behind a book, some notes or some letters or a diary or something...

[osiris]

isnt it inetersting while a cretan was called el greco a macedonian was not spoken of as a greek, but what he raelly was a makedonets. yet we are constantly bombarded by the wannabbees that being macedonian is something like being atikan or spartan or cretan. come on malakas wake up and move on even rip van winkleopoulos eventually woke from his slumber.

[I of Macedon]

TrueMacedonian did you have that scanned information on this guy that I believe you placed on MakNews a while ago, if so can you place it here. Thanks.

Also just curious is there any sort of recognition of this artistic man in Macedonia as there may be in Croatia because of his birth there. Maybe something like a statue (nothing major) near the art museum or something could suffice. Or perhaps putting his name on a building that involves itself with artistic significance

[TrueMacedonian]

Here you go I of Macedon;

[TrueMacedonian]

page 443


Something from a book from the 1850's.

[Commander Bond]

http://www.maknews.com/forum/archive/the-macedonian-origin-of-clovio-t9244.html

I came across this interesting read. Enjoy.
Here is the link - http://my.opera.com/ancientmacedonia/bl ... ml/1590657


Our public is little familiar that the famous renascence painter Giulio Giorgio Clovio, also known as Giulie Clovic, that by his origin was a Macedonian!
Actually his nickname was “the Macedonian” (Macedo), which speaks quite clearly origin of Clovic we will quote a world famous encyclopedia “Columbia” (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.Copyright © 2001 Columbia University Press), where under the title of Giulio Giorgio Clovio, we can read:
“Giulio Giorgio Clovio (1498-1578), an Italian illuminator, miniaturist and painter, also known under the name of “Macedo” or “the Macedonian” (Il Macedone), because of his Macedonian origin.
He studied in Rome with Giulio Romano and in Verona at Girolamo de Libri, from whom he learned illumination (…).”
The Macedonian ethnic origin of Giulio Giorgio Clovio is mentioned in the Catholic encyclopedia, were about this we can read:
“Giorgio Clovio, also known as Giulio Clovio was a famous Italian miniaturist, who by Visari was called “the unique” and “little Michelangelo”.
He was born in Grizani on the Croatian coast in 1498, and died in Rome in 1578.
His family originated from Macedonia and his original surname may have been Glovic” (The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IV, Copyright © 1908 by Robert Appleton Company Online Edition Copyright © 1999).

Before we can briefl y describe his biography, let us say something about his name and surname, which at a first glance may not look like a typical Macedonian one (especially the name Giulio).
But there is an explanation for this.
Firstly the name Giulio was not hi birth name, but he took this name as an adult, in honor of his teacher and friend Giulio Romano.
His real name was Giorgio, which can only be a Latinized form of the name Georgia (a common name in Macedonia).
It is the same with his (sort of ) surname, which in Croatia was called Clovic, but in Italy Clovio.
There is nothing strange about this.
Even today many Macedonians, who live abroad, face the need for a change in their names and surnames by the public there, that is with their adaptation to the linguistic norms of the
country of their residence.
So, Jovan in Australia becomes Jon, Petre becomes Pitter, Todorka becomes Dory etc.
What the original surname of this Macedonian painter is we can only speculate.
If the assumption raised in the Catholic encyclopedia that his name is Glovic, than maybe in it we can find something like a Macedonian root.

In continuance we will use his “Latinized” name Giulio Clovio, because for the longest period of his life he was called like that by his surrounding.
After he spent his early youth in Croatia, at age 18 he moved in Italy.
There he painted under the patronage of Cardinal Grimani.
In 1524 he left for the castle of the King of Bohemia and Hungary Lois the second, for whom he made the works “The Judging of Paris” and “Lucrecia”.
In 1526 he returned to Rome, and the year after that he fell under the influence of some kind of religious sect.
Then he changed his name to Giulio, as we said, in the honor and memory of his teacher Giulio Romano.
But, with the help of the cardinal Grimani, he later left the sect and in that period he painted some of his best works.
In 1538 he left for Venice, and in 1540 he was summoned to Rome by the Pope John the third from Portugal, who paid him 2.000 ducats for one psaltery.
In 1546 for the cardinal Kampegi, he painted 26 miniatures with biblical scenes.
His prayer book, which he made for cardinal Farneze, by the art critic Vazari, was called a “divine work”.
Clovio died in Rome and was buried in the church of “St. Peter” in Vinkoli.

The style of illumination of Clovio got supporters from all over Europe, who in later times imitated his craftsmanship.
Today a lot of people consider Clovio as the most important miniaturist of the XVI century.
During his life this famous Macedonian was in the company of some of the greatest painters of his time:
Michelangelo, Vizari, Karo, Kolona and many others.

He especially had friendly relations with El Greco, who was then a young man and who got his support for his painting.
One letter is preserved in that Giulio Clovio sent to cardinal Farneze, in which he on behave of El Greco asked the cardinal to help him while he was in Rome.
In 1571 El Greco painted the portrait of Clovio.


МАКЕДОНСКОТО ПОТЕКЛО НА КЛОВИО

Во нашата јавност малку е познато дека ренесансниот сликар Јулио Ѓорѓио Кловио (Giulio Giorgio Clovio), познат и како Јулие Кловиќ, по потекло бил Македонец!
Всушност, неговиот прекар бил "Македонецот" (Macedo), што доволно зборува за неговото етничко потекло.
Инаку, тој бил роден во Хрватска, но неговите родители биле Македонци, кои таму се доселиле од Македонија.
Неговото македонско етничко потекло е добро познато во светската јавност, иако некои хрватски учени го прикажуваат како Хрват (Маријана Вучиќ: "Giorgio Giulio Clovio -
Michelangelo of the Miniature" American Croatian Review, Year V, No. 1 and 2, June 1998, p. 51-52).

Како илустрација за македонското потекло на Кловиќ ќе наведеме цитат од светски познатата енциклопедија "Колумбија" (The Columbia Encyclopedia,Sixth Edition. Copyright © 2001 Columbia University Press), каде што во насловот Giulio Giorgio Clovio, читаме:
"Јулио Ѓорѓио Кловио (1498-1578), италијански илуминатор, минијатурист и сликар, познат и под името 'Македо' (Macedo) или 'Македонецот' (Il Macedone), поради своето македонско потекло.
Тој студирал во Рим со Јулио Романо и во Верона кај Џироламо де Либри, од кого ја научил илуминацијата (...).

Македонското етничко потекло на Јулио Ѓорѓио Кловио е спомнато и во Католичката енциклопедија, каде во врска со ова читаме:
"Ѓорѓио Кловио, познат и како Јулио Кловио бил славен италијански минијатурист, кој од страна на Вазари бил наречен 'уникатниот' и 'малиот Микеланџело'.
Се родил во Грижани на хрватскиот брег во 1498 година, а починал во Рим во 1578 година.
Неговото семејство потекнувало од Македонија и неговото оригинално презиме можеби било Гловиќ" (The Catholic Encyclo pedia, Volume IV, Copyright © 1908 by Robert Appleton Company Online Edition Copy right © 1999).

Пред накратко да ја опишеме неговата биографија, да кажеме нешто за името и презимето, кое на прв поглед можеби не изгледа типично македонско (особено името Јулио).
Но, за ова постои објаснување.
Како прво, името Јулио не било негово родено име, туку ова име тој го зел како возрасен, во чест на својот учител и пријател Јулио Романо.
Неговото вистинско име било Ѓорѓио, што може да биде само латинизирана форма на името Ѓорѓија (често име во македонскиот ономастикон).
Ист е случајот и со неговото (еден вид) презиме, кое во Хрватска било нарекувано "Кловиќ", а во Италија Кловио (Clovio).
Во ваквата појава нема ништо чудно.
И денес многумина Македонци, кои живеат во странство, се соочуваат со промена на нивните имиња и презимиња од страна на тамошната јавност т.е. со нивна адаптација кон јазичните норми на земјата во која престојуваат.
Така, Јован во Австралија станува Џон, Петре станува Питер, Тодорка станува Дори итн. Какво било вистинското македонско презиме на овој сликар останува да се претпоставува.
Доколку е вистинита претпоставката изнесена во Католичката енциклопедија дека неговото презиме било Гловиќ, тогаш можеби и во него може да се најде нешто налик на македонски корен.
Во продолжение ќе го користиме неговото "латинизирано" име Јулио Кловио, затоа што најдолгиот период од својот живот така го нарекувале во неговата околина.

Откако раната младост ја минал во Хрватска, на осумнаесет годишна возраст се преселил во Италија.
Таму сликал под патронат на кардиналот Гримани.
Во 1524 година заминал во дворецот на кралот на Боемија и Унгарија, Луј Втори, за кого ги изработил делата "Судењето на Парис" и "Лукреција".
Во 1526 година се вратил во Рим, а наредната година паднал под влијание на некаква религиозна секта.
Тогаш го про менил своето име во Јулио, како што рековме, во чест и спомен на неговиот учител Јулио Романо.
Но, со помош на кардиналот Гримани, подоцна ја напуштил сектата и во тој период ги насликал некои од своите најпознати дела.
Во 1538 година заминал за Венеција, а во 1540 година бил повикан во Рим од папата Павле Трети.
Добил нарачка и од кралот Филип Втори да го наслика животот на неговиот татко Чарлс Петти, во дванаесет сцени.
Сликал и за Џон Трети од Португалија, кој му платил 2.000 дукати за еден псалтир.
Во 1546 година за кардиналот Кампеџи насликал 26 минијатури со библиски сцени. Неговиот молитвеник, кој го изработил за кардиналот Фарнезе, од страна на ликовниот критичар Вазари, бил наречен "божествено дело".
Кловио починал во Рим и го погребале во црквата "Свети Петар" во Винколи.
Стилот на илуминација на Кловио добил поддржувачи ширум Европа, кои во подоцнежните времиња го имитирале неговото сликарство.
Денес многумина Кловио го сметаат за најзначаен минијатурист од XVI век.

Во текот на својот живот овој славен Македонец се дружел со најголемите сликари од неговото време: Микеланџело, Вазари, Каро, Колона и други.
Посебни пријателски односи одржувал со Ел Греко, кој тогаш бил млад и кој ја добил неговата поддршка за своето сликарство.
Зачувано е едно писмо кое Јулио Кловио му го испратил на кардиналот Фарнезе, во
кое се заложил кардиналот да му помогне на Ел Греко да се снајде во Рим.
Во 1571 година Ел Греко го насликал портретот на Кловио.

[TrueMacedonian]

Here's a site with the exact info as Commander Bond's info. Bond your link isn't working so I found this - http://www.makedonskosonce.com/broev..._52_donski.pdf

[TrueMacedonian]

Some more written about Clovio.


page 539




the funny thing I noticed about the wikipedia page created for Clovio is that it does not mention the one fact that Clovio's family claimed Macedonian ancestry - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giulio_Clovio

[Daskalot]

An excellent collection of sources. Bravo to all for sharing!

[Bill77]

Here is something else from this period.


Description of Macedonia in 1470 by Joe Mario Delji Andzhiolelo

http://mn.mk/aktuelno/2583-Opis-na-Makedonija-od-1470-godina-od-Dzo-Mario-Delji-Andziolelo

I tried translating it the best i can.




Venetian Republic (Republica de Venexia), was a medieval aristocratic republic from XI to XIII.
In January The Venetian Republic expanded its power in Lombardy, Dalmatia, Albania,
Peloponnese, Crete, Cyprus and the Aegean islands. In XV century, places such as Padua,
Vicenza, Verona, Brescia, Bergamo and others. had fallen under its Government.

At the begining of their expansion, which occurred after IV Crusade after they claimed
part of Istanbul, Morea, Ionian islands, gave them the right to unlimited
Trading (1205th - 1358), and there is no dispute in its supreme authority.
Venitians were known in this period as the greatest naval force in the
Mediterranean. They were rightly been called "mistress of the sea".

With the spread of the Ottoman Empire, becoming a threat to interests of Venice in the Balkans as well as the islands in the Aegean and the Mediterranean Sea. There was constant battles with the Turks, Venice slowly loses eastern holdings, and Turks conquer Cyprus in 1571, Crete in the 1669th etc.. Therfor we can safely asume that Venetians (such as merchants and soldiers) who have long been present in the Balkans, Aegean and Mediterranean Sea, would be well aware of the circumstances and peoples who live in this area.

In historical documents from the Middle Ages we come accros text from diaries regarding travel to Macedonia. Among them is a diary by Joe's Mario Delji Anciolelo who came from the Italian city of Vicenza. As captain of the Venetian infantry fought against Turkey, in July 1470 was captured. As a Turkish prisoner, wrote a diary from which there stands out the part that refers to Macedonia, and was published in "documents the struggle of the Macedonian people for independence and the national state ', first volume from 1981.

From the logs in the Diary of "Andzhiolelo" we can see that he knows the borders of Macedonia and Macedonians singled out by the Greeks as distinct nation. You may also notice that he well knew the history of Macedonia and glorious history of Alexander of Macedon and his father Philip. Also very interesting is the information by Andzhiolelo from which he knew that the body of the patron of Thessaloniki, St. Dimitri, back in 1470 was on the place, and as confirmed by the testimony of a Russian monk Isaiah, who here spent 19 years Andzhiolelo.



Captain of the Venetian infantry Joe Mario Delji Anciolelo passing through Macedonia in the summer of 1470 in his diary, He noted:
"August 8, 1470. Sultan stopped and konakuvashe across the gorge in a field that represents the border of Macedonia.

On August 9 camped near a castle called Platamon, where people can see the Gulf of Thessaloniki and the city of Thessaloniki.

On August 10, starting from Platamon (place of Thessaloniki Bay, south of Olympus), and stood in one place konakuvashe called Kitros (small town in Macedonia, north of Katerini), in the said Bay. There are a lot of villagers and is located near a large river called the Vardar, which passes through Macedonia and flows into the Gulf of Thessaloniki. This area has an great abundance of race horses. They are brought here from Asia as these places are suitable for race horses

On August 11, passing through a river on a bridge , Sultan was heading towards Thessaloniki Pole. Thessaloniki is a city that is a very nice place. There it has its own castle. There is plenty of food and other goods, particularly leather and wool. Also here is the body of St. Dimitri and out of his grave comes up a oily fluid which is recommended for many diseases.

Starting from Thessaloniki on 12th of the month, Sultan arived at a mountain called Bodanos camped there together with its leadership.

The 13th Sultan arrived near a town called Ser, which also was called in antiquity. ука била погребена онаа убава физиономија на благородникот Франчиско Брандолино кој беше генерал на Свети Марко (т.е. на Венеција). во Мореја. На 14-ти, поаѓајќи од ова место, конакуваше во близината на Света Гора, која се простира во должина од 30 милји внатре во морето. This mountain is very high and there are many monasteries of the Christian monks, some of whom are Greeks, others Macedonians, Vlachs and even Italians, as well as other nations (original - Cristiani Calogeri li quail alcuni sono Greci et alcuni Macedoni et vlashchi at ancora de Italiani at altra nacii), who live lives of saints.
They Never eat meat, and in different seasons and even fresh fish that would have blood. Many of them have not eaten during Lent roast anything and never sleep on the bed. The place for prayer is at the monasteries, go there alone and remain on 80-10 days. And doing very good. In all these monasteries with beautiful fountains have water and planted many fruit trees.
The Holy Mountain monasteries and entry is prohibited for any females, And in their brotherhoods do not receive any boy without a beard. In general, there live a holy people. But while the Turks are very passionate to these monks and live in peace with them.

And August 15 Sultan went to a place that was once a large city called Filibegosh (meaning land of Philip), built by Emperor Macedonia, Philip. There are many antiques and planinkata saved some sweet towers. Even at any one stage planinkata isklesan on a large rock. On the lower side of the city is preserved a much larger column and very high, and about him is preserved Greek inscription with a letter indicating that this place was konjushnicata Alexander the Great, where there were many horses much larger than today, because the pillar izdelani potkovite the size of these horses, which compared with our current horses are much higher. Here and now there are many old monuments throughout the plane. Even they are much larger than today in our cities.

. On August 16 he left the Sultan. Crossed one mountain valley which is called Kavala, facing the sea. Here is narrow where the two beautiful castles, one of the mountain and the other the sea, and both are broken. Between these two forts seems there were many beautiful gardens with many fruit trees, now grown old and I do not give fruit. At these places there are many pirates who attacked and looted the passengers.

That day the Sultan stood on a plain near a river called "Aqua Bruna". On August 17 he left this place and zalogoruva near a beautiful and luxurious fortress called Barry, located in the sea bay. Live in Greeks and Macedonians .

[Risto the Great]

Nice. Thanks Bill.

[George S.]

Clovio was certainly a macedonian.

[Sovius]

An interesting find Bill. Many thx! I'm curious as to what the author meant by 'Greci'. On the surface, the use of this term among the other descriptors in the passages seems to suggest that there were at least a few authentic Greeks left in this part of the world during the Renaissance Period. Given the observations of researchers during later centuries, would this author's work not suggest the possibility that some percentage of the populations who now make up the modern Grecophonic Albanian populations to the south of Macedonia are actually the descendents of Albanized genuine toga twirling Greeks? The complexity of it all is quite intriguing.

[Soldier of Macedon]

Good stuff, thanks Bill, I had seen only short excerpts of this text until now.